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1 - 10 van 46 voor across space
Microsoft Word - paper_flex_kramarz.doc
... years of tenure. hence, virtually all of these studies use some form of discontinuity across time and space in laws when there is no such variation in france where legislation is set ... indeed go empirical side, our contribution is fourfold. first, we consider measures of epl varying across space and time based on the various measures of judicial case outcomes directly coming from legislation ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion161.doc
... of connectivity and comparative advantage at the level of the worker, industry and across space. differences in how tasks are connected determine to what extent tasks belong together ... of the division of labour across space we construct two measures spatial occupation concentration (to measure the potential for separating occupations from others) and occupation-space connectivity (to measure how ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc_tang.doc
... old-agedependancyratio africa china japan europe latin america usa source united nations (2001) the differences across countries and world regions are even clearer in figure 2.2, showing the future ... capital markets perform several functions. first, capital markets lead to an efficient allocation of funds across space and time. funds flow to those places where investment yields the highest rate of ...
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capital income taxation europe trends and trade offs pdf
... of gravity then eu systems of capital taxation are alike; if the points are jumbled across space then eu systems of capital taxation are unalike. the mean distance from the centre of ... does not merit sweeping conclusions about tax systems. although differences between effective tax rates vary across countries, they appear to be fairly constant over time. this merits another important conclusion ...
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L:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc10.wp [PFP#811696075]
... tacit, non-codified expertise of key personnel.11 knowledge-based assets can easily be moved across space at low costs. like public goods these assets have a non-rival character,12 meaning ... with firms in other branches or foreign commercial activities. a standard effect cross-section regressions (across countries), these differences will end up in the regression constant, while in time series ...
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impact social capital crime pdf
... across space. even after controlling for a range of conditions and population characteristics, there remains a high variance of crime across space.1 how can we explain these differences in crime rates across space? ... important aspect of crime is variation across space. if this variation is due to social capital one may suggest an indicator that is dispersed across cross-section units. by employing a ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion156.doc
... mehra, 2003). third, the equity premium may vary across space. there is no strict need that the equity premium should be identical across countries and regions. differences in stage of ... errors. this appendix shows results with standard errors that have been corrected for dependence across regions (western europe, developing countries, canada, australia, south africa, japan and the united states ...
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Microsoft Word - bijzonder88.doc
... future production mainly involve uncertainty about the division of labour and about its distribution across space. this sheds important light on today's choices. investments in infrastructure should not only ... glue? jobs change--in terms of both the degree of specialisation and their distribution across space. this demands flexibility and security, from the perspective of the welfare state. the ...
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N:\publicaties\...\nahuis.wp [PFP#731253671]
... the future development of the demand for skills determinants of differences in inequality across space and time 33 6 conclusions 41 references 43 appendix abstract increases in inequality ... period considered determinants of differences in inequality across space and time so far, we discussed several explanations for differences in income inequality across countries and its evolution over time. ...
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Cross-Country Sectoral Energy Productivity Performance: The EU KLEMS Database
... of engineering or physical indicators like metric tonnes, kilometers or square meters of floor space or in terms of economic indicators such as value added or gross output. examples ... in contrast, an economic indicator such as value added facilitates comparison of energy intensity across countries and across sectors, as well as interpretation within an economic framework that includes other inputs ...
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