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1 - 10 van 258 voor additional costs
border tax adjustment and eu ets quantitative assessment pdf
... grand coalition and thus also renewable energy use. the progressive marginal costs of renewable energy are the cause of the additional income loss if the target for renewables would have been applied ... reflects the additional costs for eu producers due to the ets, eu sectors loose less market share to foreign competitors on domestic markets. with a refund on exports, reflecting the costs of the ...
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cross your border and look around pdf
... conducting r d or using relative more human skills may (initially) require some costs, but eventually result in additional benefits from higher productivity levels. the second group of determinants represents the ... and competition is monotonically decreasing. hence, those types of firms are likely to spend additional costs for imitation (by r d or human skills) if competition is low. 2.4 ...
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economische gevolgen van schoon en zuinig 2020 pdf
... a higher cost terms of 2020 national income. the additional costs of extra emissions reductions of s z in ... of the extra reductions domestically rather than abroad, the additional costs would rise quickly. they may then arrive in 2020 ... , 2006, stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations; assessment of different strategies and costs using an integrated assessment framework, climatic change. vrom, 2007, ...
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Working Paper (set-up) Engelsta [PFP#300747925]
... many challenges. the falling marginal costs of copying and the improving quality of copies has led the industry to call for additional copyright legislation and enforcement. ... case the additional revenues gross increase more than the additional costs of protection, where by assumption additional costs outweigh additional gross profits at high level of protection. additional copyright protection ...
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L:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc10.wp [PFP#811696075]
... of costs play a role in the decision process ci production costs in country i (i a,b) k additional costs of other firms in a that imitate the product of x m additional costs that arise when the products of x are exported from home country b to country a (transport, handling, import tariffs, costs intermediary firms) z additional costs of running production ...
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Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#1291253990]
... markets, accompanied by a shift in demand towards new products, are the most promising. however, additional research along the lines suggested in the final section is clearly needed to better ... time, entrants' investments activities fall back to normal levels in succeeding years. new firms incur additional costs in the form of advertising campaigns to make their product known, and price cuts, in ...
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Microsoft Word - wd120.doc
... after having been read by one consumer it can be read by another consumer without additional costs. this non-rival character is recognized netherlands by the popularity of the so-called leesportefeuille ... 53% for newspapers. labor costs accounted for 60% of fixed costs of magazine publishing, or 22.8% of total revenues, and for 75% of fixed costs of newspaper publishing. costs that varied with ...
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Microsoft Word - CPB Memorandum 143.doc
... of gas. in the netherlands, the grid operator (gts) is obliged to guarantee deliveries of additional gas to 6 although production, trade, storage and imports form separate links in the supply ... their region) as it reduces the additional costs for transporting gas to their homes. analogously, gas producers profit from a network extension as it reduces their costs of bringing gas to the market ...
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Microsoft Word - memorandum130.doc
... the system leads to additional costs for exporters, and thus weakens international competition in services markets.6 as table 3.2 indicates, such compliance costs typically are one-off fixed costs. table 3. ... home market or in other countries where it operates. meeting the national requirements often creates additional costs that are not related to the trade volume. the foreign service firm must re- ...
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Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#790029940]
... cost is not the bills for phone calls, faxes and e-mail messages, but the additional time involved in distance-work, as compared with doing the same thing on the ... a number of different countries, each with a different level of co-operation costs. thus the costs to northernhighly-skilledworkersofco-operatingwithsouthernworkerswouldbegreater in some developing countries than in others, for example ...
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