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1 - 10 van 76 voor border effect
gravity-gravitas-comment.pdf
... after estimation, the calculation of treatment effects like the border effect is straightforward. using the same data and assumptions, i find that the border effect for canada is half as large as reported ... of the data set, important differences in efficiency can arise. border effect once parameters have been estimated, the effect of the border can be calculated by comparing actual trade flows xi j ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion49.doc
... where the service firm operates. such duplication of regulations creates a negative trade effect ('border effect'). measurement of ntb-related trade costs various quantification approaches have been applied to ... barriers to trade are most important. according to the first two authors, the 'border effect is smallest in those manufacturing sectors where european member states apply mutual recognition ...
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bijlage_jaarrapportage2008.pdf
... tegenbegroting, 17 september 2008. koopkracht 2009 na aanpassing buitengewone uitgaven, 17 oktober 2008. effect doorwerkbonus, 17 oktober 2008. werktijdverkorting, cpb notitie 17 november 2008. artikelen in wetenschappelijke ... netherlands, indian chamber of commerce trade, 31 maart 2008. veenendaal, p.j.j., border tax adjustments and the eu-ets; a quantitative assessment, aiece, 5 november 2008, ...
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Four Futures of the Netherlands
... workers and between the employed and unemployed. moreover, in a market-oriented society, cross-border environmental concerns receive less attention and are not addressed effectively. international cooperation offers ... course of the scenario period an increasing immigrants reaches retirement age as well. the effect of ageing is most visible in regional communities, where labour supply falls on ...
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Microsoft Word - disc76.doc
... further, approximation of duty rates would reduce wasteful cross-border shopping of alcohol. in addition, regulations, which have a duty- equivalent effect, should restrict the sale of alcohol to young or ... be raised by 40% before the maximum revenue is achieved, after allowing for the effect of cross-border shopping and smuggling. alcohol use and effects to understand the nature and size of ...
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Microsoft Word - bijz90.doc
... union 47 2.3.1 cross-border transactions in goods 47 2.3.2 cross-border transactions in services 49 2.3 ... of the current taxes and duties, although the locked-in effect would remain. the proposal merits further consideration. the studies, written ... jurisdictional reach of each state's vat administration through cross-border audits, followed up, if indicated, by investigations and prosecutions. replacing ...
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border tax adjustment and eu ets quantitative assessment pdf
... example, china or india. while widely believed, this pollution haven effect' has proven difficult to demonstrate empirically. a few studies ... industry) asked commission president barroso to explore 14 possibilities including border tax adjustments. on the other hand, trade commissioner mandelson ... should be kept in mind for a carbon border tax to qualify as a border tax adjustment . to limit the impact ...
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Microsoft Word - DP CCCTB voorblad.doc
... numerous different tax laws. while there has been progress in the removal of cross border investment, e.g. the parent-subsidiary directive abolished withholding taxes on dividend flow between ... countries featuring a high corporate tax rate and a large multinational sector. the redistribution effect of formula apportionment depends on three factors. first, the capital labour ratio determines the ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc194.doc
... % aan het nederlandse bbp heeft bijgedragen door het handelsverhogende effect van beleid op het bbp te schatten. directe ... d expression above ( ) ba ln12 - captures the effect of eu membership, ( effect of bilateral tariffs. the d's are dummies ... (2004) estimate that transport costs are equivalent production value. border costs are equivalent production value consisting of policy related costs ...
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cross your border and look around pdf
cpb document no 170 september, 2008 cross your border and look around henry van der wiel, harold creusen, george van leeuwen (cbs), eugene van ... expected effects of determinants on productivity growth determinant expected effect explanation ( )aaln g + direct effect of catch up to global frontier ( )aaln n + direct effect of catch up to national frontier r d ...
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