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1 - 10 van 72 voor cost reducing technological
Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#502532213]
... elasticities of (substitutable) factor demand and cost reducing technological progress in primary and secondary material production material labour capital coal electricity oil natural gas technological progress primary % per year) steel ... qg) did not lead to increasing real prices up to now, due to fast cost reducing technical progress (ln()). in the long run, technical progress has to keep pace ...
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paper-flex-martin-2.pdf
... optimal levels, employment protection may hinder efficient workforce adjustment, reducing job separations but also discouraging job creation (e.g. ... long-run effect on overall employment, as the smaller cost involved with the termination of temporary contracts will ... particularly so in those industries and size classes where technological and market factors require more frequent employment changes. ...
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Four Futures of the Netherlands
... by the tax wedge (the difference between the total labour cost and the net wage) and the replacement rate (the ... the central engine for the rise in labour productivity is technological progress, the important determinants of which are the incentives to ... references belot, m., e. canton and d. webbink, 2004, does reducing student support affect educational choices and performance? evidence from a ...
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Microsoft Word - doc73.doc
... and technological change, we find that under price-cap regulation reliability levels increased considerably while there was no such effect under cost- ... cost reduction are efficiency improvements opportunities, cost-reducing efforts need not have a negative impact on reliability. ...the opportunities for cost reductions are small if the opportunities for costs reductions are small, cost reducing ...
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L:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc15.wp [PFP#1210200691]
... activities has not yet been presented.15 however, this is not to say that such cost-reducing synergies do not exist. rather measuring scope economies is difficult when the sample of ... on how regulatory and technological changes in the late 1990s have affected structure, conduct, performance relationships in the financial sector. 2.3.3 banking market structure, growth and technological progress to ...
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Microsoft Word - memo163.doc
... technological progress (see ahn, 2002). several studies have elaborated on this alternative as to overcome econometric issues (see oliveira martins et al. 1996)). measurement of price-cost margin the price-cost ... for the indicators are as follows. cost reducing innovations by individual firms have an ambiguous impact on the herfindahl index and the price-cost margin, but raise the relative ...
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rising health spending new medical technology and baumol effect pdf
... cost-reducing technological progress plays a significant role in health care. in particular, the work of lichtenberg (2007) suggests that each dollar spent on new pharmaceuticals leads to 4 dollars in cost ... be large (close to unity). if the baumol effect is unimportant (i.e. if cost- reducing technological progress has been substantial) in health care, then the estimated coefficient should be small ...
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supply renewable energy sources and cost eu climate policy pdf
... of renewable energy, promoting secur- ity of supply and initiating technological progress sounds much more positive than merely reducing ghg emissions. economists, in contrast, disregard such connota- tions. ... in the sensitivity analysis supply of renewable energy electricityprice base case high cost level low cost level flatter curve steeper curve subsidy calibration point subsidy that must be ...
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skill premium technological change and appropriability pdf
... in the cost of organisational change, which reduces the incentive to invest now and makes firms willing to postpone investment, 16 4 ( ( w v x 0 ihg (12) thus reducing the demand ... outlook 1993, paris peretto, p. (1998) technological change and population growth, journal of economic growth; vol. 3, no. 4, 283-311. peretto, p. (1999) cost reduction, entry, and the interdependence of market ...
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cpb discussion paper 196 wage inequality trade tasks models pdf
... in the period wage inequality was due to skill-biased technological change and only 15% to offshoring. these results are ... also implies that only the domestic country benefits from the cost-reducing variables l and h. international prices are now deter- ... endowments). for small rich countries offshoring is increasing welfare and reducing wage inequality (the special grh case), however, for most ...
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