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1 - 10 van 26 voor cross border externalities
N:\...\funds and games.wp [PFP#420725591]
... of externalities, risk, and moral hazard. if one can show that either of these problems prevail, then cohesion policy in its present form could be justified. cross border externalities, where a governments' regional policy has a marked impact on the welfare of foreign regions pertain to infrastructure projects in border regions. the ec ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc132.doc
... cross-border externalities, such as knowledge spillovers (ederveen et al. (2006)). cross-border externalities reduce the incentive for policy and thus lead to so-called policy externalities ...
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subsidiarity and economic reform europe pdf
... developments and determinants.......................114 7.3 economies of scale does size matter?..........................................119 7.4 cross-border externalities.............................................................121 7.5 conclusions and implications.......................................................124 references roles and rationales of european sti-policies ...
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Microsoft Word - disc76.doc
... duty member states, alcohol excise duty collections are affected by the extent of cross-border shopping and smuggling. cross-border shopping is prevalent when there are large price differentials across small distances ... , particularly if inflicted on young and unborn children, would seem best treated as externalities (smith 2005). 28 evidence in the us context, moreover, shows that the direct ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc133.doc
... cross-border externalities and scale cross-border externalities and economies of scale are the two main motives that may call for centralisation (oates, eu cross-border externalities ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion36.doc
... agreement rather than one allowing for cross-border trade. taken at face value, this suggests that there is much scope for improving the existing gats commitments for cross-border trade in services. what can ... the functioning of financial systems; hence, it is a source of positive externalities. the market failure is that such externalities tend to be in short supply due to free-riding behaviour. 25 ...
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doc211.pdf
... hazard, banks' financiers will prefer to provide short-term funding, which again increases systemic risk. cross border activities and conglomeration also help to diversify 20 against liquidity shocks. in the absence of ... banks resulting in a banking crisis) may be costly to society because it inflicts negative externalities on bank customers. when a bank runs into tr
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc214.doc
... geographical spillovers should be provided centrally cross-border externalities of local public services may be partly internalised by voluntary contributions and negotiation cross-border externalities of local public services can ... transfers to local government may then only have a role in addressing externalities clearly surpassing the local level (pigou-subsidies). in addition, transfers between ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion68
... cross-border externalities may provide a justification for lifting coordination to a european level. with respect to higher education, different forms of possible cross-border externalities can ... externalities seem small as well. however, some european coordination initiatives, like enhancing the comparability of university degrees throughout europe, could be supported by cross-border externalities ...
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memo208.pdf
... or cross-border externalities in innovation support actions? maybe ms action is not sufficient, or ms action is restricted? supplementary actions suggest that ms action is not sufficient positive externalities, ... the needs of smes for such a network. the question is whether cross-border cooperation and thus cross-border knowledge diffusion is important for the innovation of smes. gailly (2008) ...
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