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1 - 10 van 295 voor european countries
Microsoft Word - disc76.doc
... countries (leifman uk, in 1998, cross-border shopping involved a revenue loss total alcohol duty revenues (hm customs and excise 2004).15 similarly, smuggling is a serious problem in the eu (european ... the mediterranean states, while spirits consumption is heavily concentrated in central and eastern european countries. in addition to imbibing other forms of alcohol, the czechs excel in beer drinking ...
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Cross-Country Sectoral Energy Productivity Performance: The EU KLEMS Database
... countries, cross-country variance stagnates after 2000. in transport, cross-country variance decreases slightly, while after 2000 it increases considerably for samples including eastern european countries ...
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N:\...\discussion17.wp [PFP#331423159]
... level at which wage bargaining takes place clearly exhibits little variation across european countries. eu-countries have become more similar with respect to the degree of centralisation across time ... of the european union, because of low wage competition from the central and eastern european countries. figure 4.1 real wage growth and labour productivity growth source european commission (1999) ...
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L:\publicaties\...\doc11.wp [PFP#910893205]
... paper explores the economic consequences of the enlargement of the european union (eu) with the central and eastern european countries (ceecs). in contrast to most earlier analyses, we do ... .1%. among the eu countries, germany and the netherlands experience the largest gains. third countries suffer marginally from trade diversion. in particular, these countries specialize their exports in similar ...
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N:\...\funds and games.wp [PFP#420725591]
... will be particularly important for the central and eastern european countries (ceecs) once they accede to the eu. indeed, these countries will probably lack the administrative capacity to draw down the ... believe that divergence is a common phenomenon in european countries. however, italy is a noteworthy exception to the rule. in the majority of countries, there is clear evidence for convergence ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion68
... those countries. this initiative was widely applauded by other european countries, and bologna declaration was signed by 29 countries. this treaty entailed the goal of creating a european area ... european countries, and spain, portugal, and greece, not too far from two other mediterranean countries italy and france. these regional categories seem to bear a resemblance to gdp per capita-level countries ...
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Microsoft Word - disc71.doc
... specificities across countries that cannot be perfectly captured in an empirical analysis (see friebel et al., 2003). 23 table 4.2 structural design of the railway industry in european countries and ... productive efficiency of the railways of a number of european countries and japan. the results show a large variation in the efficiency scores across countries which is decreasing over time. in the ...
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129 The Welfare Gains From Stab [PFP#1092202722]
... national currencies with a single european currency. the resulting stabilization of intra- european exchange rates is viewed to promote trade and investment among european countries, thereby enhancing the prosperity ... of an instrument of economic policy. both the low labor mobility among european countries and the relative unresponsiveness of real wages to unemployment stress the relevance ...
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how mobile capital within european union pdf
... their fdi positions in the fifteen eu countries. table 1 fdi positions abroad of eight eu countries in the fifteen eu countries in millions of euro austria denmark finland ... havens and american business quarterly journal of economics, 109, 149-82 ibfd (1999), european tax handbook, amsterdam ibfd publications jorgenson, d.w.(1963), capitaltheoryandinvestmentbehavior ,americaneconomic review, 53, ...
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who benefits tax competition european union pdf
... sources of financing are too expensive. european coordination of cit rates, either by imposing a minimum rate or by harmonising all rates, therefore benefits some countries, harm others, but hardly improves ... the home country or in other member states. in addition, we show which countries gain from imposing a european minimum tax rate or, similar to sorensen (2004a), from even harmonising their tax ...
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