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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc127.doc
... lost competitiveness. thereafter, the upward trend was reinforced. the box on page 16 provides an overview of the main reforms during the past three decades. the chinese reform process has ... support for specific industries in the form of subsidies or special tax treatments under the heading of, for example, infant industry policies. specialisation a first impression of specialisation patterns of ...
cpb.nl
Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#792279750]
... - ment in western europe a consequence of slow adjustment to structural reforms and are we heading towards an era of low unemployment, or are other factors at work, that prevent us ... models, union wage bargaining models, and search models of unemployment. katz (1988) provides a nice overview. all these models predict that there is a relationship between the levels of wages and ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc101.doc
... in structural actions, which is why the commission places all of its expenditure under the heading of sustainable growth. the scope for structural actions as a percentage of gni same order ... net payment positions. 4.1 net payment positions in 2004 figure 4.1 gives an overview of the net payment positions member states in 2004 according to calculations by the european ...
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G:\data\pdf\lijesen\disc16.wpd [PFP#1221338023]
... unrestricted trade. with the uk and the nordic countries leading the way, europe is now heading towards deregulated energy markets. the changes proposed by the european commission are designed to promote ... persistent market power, due to switching costs. 1 see baumol, et al., (1997) for an overview of this discussion. 8 energy retail markets are to a certain extent comparable to telecommunications ...
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competition and regulation telecommunications markets pdf
... for the policy implications of the models (see also more elaborate discussion under the heading robustness directly below). thus, since this is not empirical study in which we try ... consists of four chapters chapter 2 an introduction to telecommunications markets. chapter 3 a brief overview of recent, relevant literature in economics on competition in telecommunications. chapter 4 a presentation ...
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Onderzoeksmemorandum (set-up) [PFP#1090465988]
... polynomials 26 appendix c calibration and estimation results 31 abstract 37 references for a recent overview, see buti and sapir (1998). 1 introduction with the introduction of the euro national ... higher than the average actual unemployment rate (table c1a represents this value under the column-heading ). the assumption that the equilibrium rate lies above the actual rate corresponds with the ...
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L:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc10.wp [PFP#811696075]
... patterns can be strongly affected by regulation differences in national markets. chapter 6 presents an overview of the main regulation issues at stake, differentiated by bs branch. the chapter also ... flows associated with international trade in services. under the catch-all balance of payment heading other services', payments for business services used to be aggregated with other financial flows. ...
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Microsoft Word - memo100
... entitlement conditions and short-term benefits. these reforms call into question where countries will be heading during the coming decades. this paper explores the future of unemployment insurance in the netherlands ... mildly in their hours worked (see e.g. jongen and van vuuren, 2004, for an overview). 10 unemployment benefits in general equilibrium using the mimic model, we explore the labour-market ...
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Microsoft Word - memo broadband 8dec05.doc
... main issues of regulation and competition policy regarding this industry. section 4 offers an overview of access regulations in different countries around the globe, such as south korea, canada ... vertically-integrated firm has strong incentives to hinder downstream competitors (see above under the heading market power ). consequently, key issues in the regulation of networks are the accessibility to ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion55.doc
... analyses.3 as it is beyond the scope of this article to provide a complete overview of all the models and methods used, we have opted to concentrate on the type ... instruments currently used by cpb is available on its website (www.cpb.nl), under the heading models and methods'. 12 most experience, namely macro models for the dutch economy, and we ...
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