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access regulation and adoption voip pdf
... . a consumer who purchases pstn services derives utility r y - p0, where r is the basic utility from telephony and u0 r is interpreted as a technology-specific utility of pstn ... utility level u1 as well as the expected reduction in utility from not consuming the ideal product specification. it is straightforward to show that p(p1, p2) can be simplified into ...
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cross your border and look around pdf
... the main theoretical determinants of productivity growth to the technological frontier. chapter 3 presents our basic model and elaborates on the econometric specification. it also highlights issues that may bias the ... number of employees are derived from the ps. a priori, this variable is not an ideal measure of human capital as it is closely connected to labour productivity. however, at the ...
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Cross-Country Sectoral Energy Productivity Performance: The EU KLEMS Database
... , boyd and roop 2004).4 for the aforementioned reasons the lmdi and fisher ideal index methods have emerged as the preferred methods in energy decomposition analysis (ang ... printing and publishing pulp and paper printing, publishing and reproduction chemicals non-metallic minerals basic metals machinery fabricated metal machinery nec office, accounting and computing machinery electrical engineering ...
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analyzing fiscal policy netherlands simulations revised mimic pdf
... more labor than one full-time equivalent. in demanding childcare, each household faces an ideal price index of childcare that amounts to a weighted average of the prices ... as table 2 average real disposable official household incomea --------income tax rates-------- -----allowance----- vat basic wage rate percentage changes breadwinners in families - employed with children employed without children ...
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Onderzoeksmemorandum (set-up) [PFP#301156075]
... aren't you rich? ( the american question' discussed in mccloskey, 1994) let us distinguish four basic methods to prepare a forecast (1) use a structural model which features the state ... model to derive forecasts for variables on which no current expectations are available. also, the ideal structural model (founded on production technology and consumer preferences) does not exist, and any real ...
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Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#1291253990]
... a dutch standard industrial classification 1974 (in dutch standaard bedrijfsindeling) table 2.6 lists some basic characteristics of the industries of business services. with regard to output and employment, the most ... survey is unique and provides a rich set of variables available, it is certainly not ideal because of issues related to sampling, coverage, status of the firms, and missing variables. ...
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Research Memorandum (set-up) [PFP#790029940]
... workers. at the other extreme, if t (the cost of co-operation) were zero, the basic nature of the model would change in a different way. k-work would no longer ... -trade balance gnp northern real gnp indexa southern real gnp indexa a deflated by the ideal' price index (the dual of the demand function) a ces function of pa and pb ...
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Microsoft Word - don.doc
... economic policy was established by frisch (1950) and tinbergen (1952). the basic setup is quite simple. with y a vector of target variables ... used to assess the effects of a policy change. in the ideal model, any change in policy regime will affect the restricted ... practice the stylized pictures that we use cannot live up to the ideal. hence our models are unreliable for a number of reasons, ...
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Microsoft Word - memo140.doc
... described using two distinct approaches the love-of-variety approach (homogeneous demand) and the ideal variety approach (heterogeneous demand). the first approach assumes each consumer has a demand for ... we can conclude that the implications are not as unambiguous as in the basic ds model. asymmetry in the basic ds model we have assumed symmetry within the monopolistic competitive sector. ...
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Microsoft Word - CPB childcare memo_final version_jan.doc
... understanding that the government retains an active role in regulating the childcare sector. 9 the basic childcare provisions act (wbk) by liesbeth schreuder, netherlands institute for care and welfare (nizw), available ... donations of another (e.g. monetary) kind. 26 grout and yong disadvantages so nfps are ideal they don't skimp, exploit monopoly power and get the best out of their employees ...
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