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1 - 10 van 20 voor leakage level
dp215-fossil-fuel-supply.pdf
... level of fossil fuels. in regions outside the coalition, additional fuel use, and hence greater carbon leakage, is then triggered. this second channel of leakage ... thereby the larger is the leakage level. by contrast, the crucial parameters for f-leakage are the supply elasticities of ... in coalition countries, and the higher is the f-leakage level in to non-coalition countries. this mechanism becomes ...
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List of publications of aml.pdf
... the eu bring economic benefits?, in ministery of foreign affairs (editor) record of the high-level round table group conference turkey and the eu, 6-7 november 2003, amsterdam, (coauthor ... spillovers uncovering the missing link?, cpb report (coauthor richard nahuis). how carbonproof in kyoto? carbon leakage and hot air, cpb report (coauthor ton manders). cpb documents, discussion papers and others ...
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border tax adjustment and eu ets quantitative assessment pdf
... level-playing-field for ets-sectors. these measures also help to limit carbon leakage. both tariffs and refunds decrease leakage by more than 1%-point. jointly applying import tariffs and refunds decreases leakage ... of trade flows to price differentials between domestic and foreign producers. carbon leakage is about level at central values in grand coalition and 60% in impasse; the production ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc218.doc
... , %) change in net rent (2015, %) health care, employment, 2015, thsnd ) own risk health insurance (2015, level, euro) more (+) or less (- ) market forces cure ++ ++ + this comparison and analysis was the seventh time ... additional problem is that as a rule the provisional forecast are leaked to the press. leakage to the press is a more general problem, since it hampers consultation of ministries to ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion154.doc
... the number of releases has increased significantly. trading suspicious of illegal insider trading and leakage of information, measured in terms of cumulative average abnormal returns and volumes for the ... formed. the second explanation for why this observation may occur at the aggregate level is that information leakage and illegal insider trading trouble the market. if an announcement contains good ...
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boek compleet
... carbon leakage than changes in carbon intensity of energy. the latter is more important in countries that reduce their emission than in countries that increase their emissions. changes in the level of total production are negligible as cause of leakage. then the emissions were decomposed into emissions that are used for ...
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Microsoft Word - don.doc
... uncertainty about the impact multiplier reduces the vigour of the optimal policy. for a high level of uncertainty, this confirms the old adage when in doubt, abstain . don (1983) provided ... impact on the domestic economy. however, some measures suffer no leakage (e.g. reducing foreign aid) while other measures suffer high leakage (e.g. reducing government employment). most expenditure cuts have only ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc132.doc
... are no compelling reasons for conducting sme policies at the european level. the national level seems to be the most appropriate level for these policies because since there are no firm indications for ... .1 knowledge diffusion diffusion of knowledge beyond a firm's border is not completely avoidable. leakage of knowledge can occur because a production method can be inferred from the products sold ...
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N:\publicaties\...\2001_11.wp [PFP#220991162]
... related industries using the same technology - universities, institutes and government on micro-economic level 4 continuation table 2.1 supply-demand clusters (a) regional clusters (b) ... agglomeration of firms in specialized clusters - globalization and ict- technology eases unintentional leakage of knowledge, and strengthens competition - globalization may induce clusters to cross border - ...
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Microsoft Word - memo93
... in the user costs of capital, almost back to their original level. the long-term increase of real gdp is 1.4%. ... not fully translate in higher income as a result of benefit leakage to other countries. part of the increase is lost through lower ... table below. the model thus contains considerable detail at the european level table a sectors and regions in worldscan sectors regions agriculture germany ...
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