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1 - 10 van 13 voor parental contribution rates
child care subsidies revisted pdf
... in 2011. after the dramatic drop in the parental contribution rates in 2006 and 2007, the government increased parental contribution rates again in 2009 (somewhat, from average). furthermore, ... rates. 5.1 small changes in parental contribution rates we start with the effects of relatively small changes in the subsidy rate. specifically, we consider pro rata changes in the parental contribution rates ...
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Two-Tier Labor Markets in the Great Recession: France vs. Spain
... , again the replacement rates do not differ much 84% in france and 87% in spain. in france, the length of benefits is the same as the worker's contribution period, with a ... of 13 european countries over 1983-2004, that youth job insecurity discourages home-leaving, whereas parental job insecurity encourages it. thus, to the extent that permanent and temporary contracts are roughly ...
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does employment affect productivity pdf
... policies on labour productivity policies like minimum wages and parental leave tend to raise productivity, labour taxes and protectionist ... less productive workers left the labour market at lower rates and inexperienced workers entered. more research is needed to ... government income tax plus employee and employer social security contribution taxes (also including cash transfers); as a percentage of ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion139.doc
... indicators reflecting the discounting behaviour of individuals. the second contribution of this paper is with respect to the specification ... consistency of these effects. first, unobserved heterogeneity of hazard rates is ignored, leading to specification errors in the (genuine) ... m., a. llena-nozal and b. van der klaauw, 2007, parental education and child health evidence form a schooling reform, free ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc_tang.doc
... the equally plausible possibility that the weight per child in the parental utility function is declining in the number of children ... investment rates partly reflect the indirect effects on saving rates. this complicates projections for investment and saving rates, especially when ... points at modest international capital flows. in a seminal contribution, feldstein and horioka (1980) take a closer look ...
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bijz29.pdf
... tuition fees higher education contribution scheme in australia 57 3.3.1 history and rationale higher education contribution scheme 58 3. ... performance requirements applying to the basic grant. depending on parental income, the maximum amount of the supplementary grant per ... the catch-up of female participation rates to the level of male enrollment rates in higher education. the dutch higher education ...
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analyzing macro economic impact child care subsidies age approach pdf
... system is maintained in its 1999 form. this means that statutory tax and subsidy rates and benefit rates are constant during this period, whereas the value of various allowances, franchises and ... the maximal parental fee. 4.1.6 increase in income threshold for minimal parental fee the sixth column presents the simulation results if the income level at which the minimal contribution applies (ymin ...
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Microsoft Word - memo100
... contribution rates can be used compared to separate accounts for unemployment and retirement. stiglitz and yun analyze the optimal tax-funded insurance part of such an integrated system. typically, a combination of contribution ... altman did for the us. thereby, they include other public schemes such as parental leave, sickness benefits, child benefits and housing subsidies. moreover, the scheme is ...
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Microsoft Word - CPB childcare memo_final version_jan.doc
... and, indeed parents with less income receive a higher financial contribution from the government to fund their day-care for children. ... (2005) find that fp hospitals have higher entry and exit rates than nfps, suggesting that fps were more responsive to ... the childcare service (e.g. though inspections, onsite visits, parental involvement and reputation mechanisms), fact remains parents and government ...
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cpb discussion paper 217 childcare subsidies and labour supply pdf
... . figure 2 shows the resulting changes in the parental contribution rate for the first child'8 between 2005 and 2007. first, note that the parental fee depends on the income of the household ... other continental european countries that face quite similar starting conditions in terms of maternal employment rates and public spending on childcare, and are considering to spend more. in this paper we ...
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