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1 - 10 van 35 voor price cap
competition and regulation telecommunications markets pdf
... price cap regulation 63 6.3. local loop unbundling 67 6.3.1. model 67 6.3.2. lease price of local line 68 6.3.3. price cap ... the terminating access price. 4. dynamic regulatory principles retail and wholesale prices conditional on maturity of competition price cap regulation of ... the intensity of competition is reduced). a price cap on the incumbent's per-minute price can reduce the harm to consumers. ...
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Microsoft Word - disc141.doc
... price cap on the investments by regulated monopoly firms. three different levels of a price cap are distinguished a cap that is set at the competitive price level under certainty, a cap at the competitive price level under uncertainty, and a cap at the monopoly price under ...
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PerfectOffice-document [PFP#1210213144]
... in ieder geval tot halverwege 2002 de tarieven dalen als gevolg opta gestelde price cap. 18 in vergelijking met kpn kan met deze alternatieve aanbieders momenteel tegen zo' ... betrekking tot het aantal aansluitingen. in eerste instantie dalen de prijzen door concurrentie en price cap regulering opta, later prijsontwikkeling rond verwacht inflatieniveau. mmobiele telefonie sterke afname in groei ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion153.doc
... of revenues for them. consider therefore an access price b, the access price for calls originating from the pstn-segment and terminating ... number of calls overcompensates the price effect. pstn retail price consider the level of the pstn retail price p0, which is mostly ... a (binding) price cap. the results that are obtained more or less mirror the results with regard to access price a, but the ...
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yardstick competition theory design and practice pdf
... always present in applications of price cap regulation. finally, assuming that a price cap will only based on relative performance if the ensuing price cap is believed to be sustainable, ... price cap regulation. third, price caps are not necessarily based on relative performance. fourth, substantial heterogeneity's between agents do not prohibit the application of price cap regulation. the price cap ...
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dp214.indd
... a price cap pc, and cannot influence investment timing a directly, second-best timing can only be achieved by setting the price cap at the maxi- mum willingness to pay, pc p. setting pc psb leads to inefficient delay of investment. the optimal price cap satisfies pc p ) , (10) so that psb pc p. if the price cap is set at maximum ...
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Microsoft Word - doc73.doc
... has been confronted both with changes in price and quality regulation. our analysis indicates that the change in price regulation, from rate-of-return to price-cap, has had no effect on reliability. however ... holds within the range of price-caps in our sample. a possible explanation for our results is that, since accidents are costly to firms, firms under price-cap regulation have a stronger ...
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Microsoft Word - DP128_demooij _2_.doc
... of cit base w.r.t. cit rate via transfer pricing % % price % % gdp semi- elasticity semi- elasticity semi- elasticity austria bulgaria cyprus ... is necessary to obtain feasible solutions in cortax. we put a cap on the corporate tax rate of 55%, which is binding ... a higher corporate tax rate. the strength of increased transfer price manipulation within the oecd depends on the importance of multinationals ...
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Microsoft Word - disc76.doc
... use of alcohol, the production of wine is subsidized through the common agricultural policy (cap) at the rate of more than 1.5 billion each year protectionist policy has ... of collective consumption. 37 the price derivative takes into account both the (uncompensated) price responsiveness of each consumer and his consumption level. standardizing the price derivative makes the excise duty dependent ...
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doc146 uitgebreide samenvatting pdf
... excessieve prijzen voorkomen bij private tolwegen. vroeger werden daarvoor reguleringsmethodes gebruikt zoals cost-plus'en price-cap'. moderne economische theorie en praktijk (van andere sectoren van de economie) kennen echter betere methodes ...
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