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1 - 10 van 181 voor required level
Microsoft Word - ageing_.doc
... effect on sustainability, as measured by the required primary surplus, is therefore found to be negative. in economic terms, the higher required primary surplus can be understood as additional savings ... not more favourable? the gap in sustainability arises from the difference between the required level and the actual level of the budget surplus, both measured in structural terms (that is, after ...
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Dia 1
... , 2010 dutch pensions at crossroads funding ratio of dutch pension funds nominal funding ratio required level minimum required level dutch system in nutshell corporatist pension funds predominantly industry wide funds pension traditionally defined benefit ...
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analyzing fiscal policy netherlands simulations revised mimic pdf
... a minimum productivity level that employers require from potential employees. a higher minimum wage reduces the number of candidates whose productivity meets this minimum required level. hence, vacancy duration ... because the labor costs at the minimum wage level fall. indeed, the lower minimum wage costs reduce the minimum required productivity standard set by employers. accordingly, a number ...
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N:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc30.wp [PFP#531103649]
... required profitability) rises. it shifts upward in case of technological progress. the intersection of both curves determines the equilibrium rate of unemployment. now suppose that the unemployment is at its equilibrium level ... anymore. how will equilibrium be restored? profitability has fallen below its required level and layoffs will occur. the increased unemployment erodes the union's bargaining ...
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memo127.pdf
... current value of the funding ratio and its required level. the pa model considered here is an ... the funding ratio in the direction of its required level. equation (3.20) is increasing in . recall that ... level of 133 percent, which is 25 percent-points higher than in the absence of an employer's contribution. after this initial jump the capitalisation rate gradually converges to its required level ...
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Microsoft Word - Charting CPB's course.doc
... conjunctural institutes) working groups. cpb actively seeks cooperation in research at the european level through the enepri network (european network of economic policy research institutes),12 euroframe ... scales within families. a function description lists the main activities and responsibilities and the required competences and knowledge for a function in a particular charting cpb's course ...
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Two-Tier Labor Markets in the Great Recession: France vs. Spain
... in france and above 80% in spain. bargaining takes place mostly at the industry level and there is geographical fragmentation (through industry-department agreements in france and industry- ... have been inadequate to specialize in more innovative sectors, since higher labor flexibility is required to accommodate the higher degree of uncertainty typically associated with producing higher value-added ...
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Microsoft Word - paper_flex_fredriksson.docx
... ? positive treatment effects are in themselves no argument for subsidizing almp some market failure is required. if the unemployed face credit constraints, it is optimal to provide public insurance. if unemployment ... .) 0.31 note based on lechner wunsch (2009), table 2. significant at 5 % level; significant at 1 % level as shown in table 4, their analysis suggests that when unemployment at the time ...
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Athena
... the effects of implementing a ceiling on transportation services and the environmental study calculates the required size of the tax that realizes a given reduction in the emission first documentation of ... of the rare studies that estimates production functions for the dutch economy on the industry-level. third, the substitution elasticities of previous versions of athena (in some cases estimated as ...
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analyzing female labor supply 0 pdf
... for 1. because equation (4) includes two correction terms, at least two exclusion restrictions are required. the tax reform should thus not be restricted to having the same impact for ... . explanatorynote estimates). 18 a large degree of assortative matching on education (the correlation in level of education between partners is 0.45). however, if we look at income, the ...
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