Both productivity 

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... all hedge the price risk, but also speculate, and traditional non-commercial traders speculate both with both short and long positions, thus taking over the risk and adding liquidity (their ... 2009). yield per hectare as the productivity increases, the price of coffee will decrease. productivity can partly explain why the price of coffee decreases over time. productivity can increase due to better ...
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DNB Onderzoeksrapporten - De Nederlandsche Bank
... the term premiums. the term structure of futures yields has strong explanatory power for both spot and term premiums, which can be exploited using active trading strategies that go ... paper develops a new keynesian model with credit market imperfections that shows how overly positive productivity expectations initially drive the interest rate risk premium below its equilibrium value, boosting real ...
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