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Flexibility, Dualism and the Great Recession
... aggregate effects of dual-track reforms some theory introducing institutions some theory setup qualitative description equilibrium job search model. free entry of firms, but match frictions create rents ... temporary layoffs) caggese, cunat (2008) financially constrained firms have a larger proportion of fixed-term contracts (higher volatility of total employment) reducing access to finance we cannot ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion144.doc
... . the plan formulated explicitly the rules for the allocation of funds which included a description of situations in which schools would not receive additional resources for disadvantaged pupils. for ... the prima-tests; all models control for year dummies, student characteristics and include school fixed effects. 7.2 other strategic behavior assignment to special education previous studies show that ...
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access regulation and adoption voip pdf
... the retail price for pstn services is regulated. while this is no longer an appropriate description in those countries in which retail regulation has been phased out, it still can be ... the broadband access market, international journal of industrial organization hansen, b., 2006, termination rates and fixed-mobile substitution, mimeo. laffont, j.-j., p. rey and j. tirole, 1998, network competition i ...
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analyzing labour supply elderly people life cycle approach pdf
... age 65, shifting the statutory retirement age from and introducing more flexible pension schemes. our description of these simulations consists of a discussion of the incentives underlying the particular policy measure ... van erp and de hek captured in the variable lt, f ixed , i.e. fixed labour costs. fixed costs are also used by french (2005) to describe retirement behaviour. in this paper ...
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Athena
... of the number of varieties between domestic and foreign produced intermediate goods. 2.2.2 fixed costs fixed costs apply to labour as overhead labour, on buildings, which need to have a ... is it lowers the replacement ratio. 7 for an elaborate description of the theoretical background of the wage bargaining process, see the description in jade (cpb, 2003, p. theoretical specification is the ...
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Microsoft Word - ageing_.doc
... is based on the generational accounting framework that was used study, but adds an explicit description of economic behaviour, so that behavioural effects can be integrated and consistency of the ... expenditures is crucial for the result on sustainability. if the time path of expenditures was fixed and not indexed to productivity growth, then higher productivity growth would obviously be beneficial ...
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Microsoft Word - doc73.doc
... the electricity network), or nodes where supply and demand meet (such as airports). however, the description of network industries given above is not particularly useful for our purposes. almost any ... about the market for internet services. now, consumers can connect to the internet using the fixed telephone line, the cable, or a wireless connection through umts. ...the higher demand (growth) ...
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Microsoft Word - DP128_demooij _2_.doc
... in bettendorf et al. (2006, 2007) and van der horst et al. (2007). a detailed description of the structure and parameterisation of the model can be found in bettendorf and van ... and a production function. the production function features three primary factors labour, capital and a fixed factor. labour is immobile across borders and wages are determined on national labour markets. capital ...
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Microsoft Word - DP CCCTB voorblad.doc
... possible empirical information and widely accepted economic theories, it is still a simplified description of the real world. for instance, cortax ignores certain economic mechanisms, includes ... fixed for all countries. reforms may well affect world markets, especially when the eu implements reforms jointly. finally, cortax assumes a competitive labour market. this is an unrealistic description ...
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competition and access price regulation broadband market pdf
... networks have been regulated. in most eu countries regulatory authorities require the dominant fixed telecommunication firm to provide entrants with wholesale access to its network on a ... concludes. proofs of the existence of equilibria and propositions are in the appendices. model description the model describes cournot competition with horizontally differentiated goods, between n service-based ...
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