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Microsoft Word - doc73.doc
... considerably while there was no such effect under cost-plus regulation. we notice that this result holds within the range of price-caps in our sample. a possible explanation for our ... to intervene in network industries. in many industries, the government used to do so by operating fully integrated network companies. recently, however, the government's role in these industries has shifted ...
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Microsoft Word - DP ECA voorblad.doc
... each foreign country. with 29 countries in cortax, we thus have 30 di erent ...rms operating in each country, namely the representative domestic ...rm, the representative headquarter and 28 subsidiaries ... due to the formula choice, which puts a relatively important weight on employment. as a result, the formula bene...ts labour-intensive countries relative to capital-intensive countries. figure 5 ...
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Microsoft Word - DP CCCTB voorblad.doc
... widely diverging interests of the individual member states, complicates the harmonization process. as a result, corporate tax harmonization efforts have not been very successful, despite many proposals having ... each foreign country. with 29 countries in cortax, we thus have 30 different firms operating in each country, namely the representative domestic firm, the representative headquarter and 28 ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc127.doc
... a background statistics 91 annex b sitc product groups classification 93 annex c dutch multinationals operating in china 96 annex d description of models used 99 7 preface the emergence of ... tobacco manufactures. however, the world markets of those products are relatively small and as a result the total share of those products in dutch exports remains limited. petroleum products, electrical machinery ...
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corporate tax policy and incorporation eu pdf
... corporate tax rates exerts a significant positive effect on the degree of incorporation. this result is robust for alternative indicators and specifications. the impact of income shifting in ... ). source eurostat's harmonized data collection on business demography and own aggregations. variable gross operating surplus definition gross value added minus compensation of employees minus taxes on import ...
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Microsoft Word - doc136.doc
... , lowering the rents of producers and increasing consumer surplus. vigorous competition may therefore result in more productivity as resources and output are allocated to their most productive use ... of firms. import penetration an increase in international trade intensifies competition between firms operating in different countries. in fact, the opening of the european market reduced transportation ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion164.doc
... a positive relationship between financial soundness and the overall index of bcp compliance, but this result is sensitive to controlling for the institutional quality of the country and to the ... a high ratio of expenses to total revenues may indicate that financial institutions are not operating efficiently due to management deficiencies. we proxy managerial quality by three indicators the ratio of ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion36.doc
... studies estimated through scenario simulations the magnitude of potential welfare gains that could result from further liberalisation of services (oecd 2003). table 2.2 summarises some important studies ... to re-qualify in each national market implies a market access barrier for internationally operating providers of accountancy services. national accountancy standards make it difficult or at least ...
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Microsoft Word - DP_voorblad_scale_def.doc
... that hamper dynamic market selection through entry, exit, shrinking and growing of market shares result in suboptimal market allocation. the invisible hand of allocative market re-ordering would otherwise ... technological or organisational discontinuities across size could be important. moreover, a firm that is operating on the technological frontier may not be as productive as the frontier firms in ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion58
... towards public research institutions, while the behaviour of public research institutions may be influenced by operating in a more market-oriented way. this study does not address the issue of which ... . research by the ministry of economic affairs based on the voucher claims gives a similar result with regard to the smes' contributions to the assignments (see ministry of economic affairs, 2005c ...
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