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1 - 10 van 151 voor policy instrument
Microsoft Word - cpbdoc98
... , tno and gtis 69 6.6 capital provision technopartner label and bbmkb 72 6.7 policy instrument mix aimed at science-industry interaction 73 7 conclusions 75 references 81 7 preface this ... on experiments should help to identify the causal impact of policy. the design of an instrument determines its success the review of the policy initiatives implemented in the us, finland and israel to ...
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analyzing fiscal policy netherlands simulations revised mimic pdf
... of estimation results of a linearized macro-wage equation. for small policy changes, this procedure suffices. however, in case of policy shocks causing large changes in unemployment, strong non-linearities in ... benefit more from a higher basic tax-free allowance than workers do. the most effective instrument to reduce the replacement rate is the earned-income tax deduction, as only workers benefit ...
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Microsoft Word - don.doc
... of optimal economic policy was established by frisch (1950) and tinbergen (1952). the basic setup is quite simple. with y a vector of target variables, x a vector of policy instrument variables and ... . when confronted with the likely outcome of a concrete policy proposal, policy makers will not only look for a better set of instrument values but also come up with additional targets or conditions ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc132.doc
... in funding public r d and private r d is gaining momentum. currently, the main instrument of the european commission for funding r d is the seventh framework programme (fp7). ... of european coordination of innovation policy so far. hence, we perform an explorative empirical analysis of the economies of scale, cross- border externalities and heterogeneity in each policy instrument. given the limited ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc48_eng.doc
... . policy makers can also make participation in the experiment voluntary. but in that case it is less the effect of the policy instrument that is being studied, and more the effect of offering the policy instrument. and finally, policy makers can circumvent any political objections by encouraging third parties, for instance academic researchers, to devise controlled policy ...
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Microsoft Word - doc189.doc
... , distortionary taxation, redistribution, optimal second-best policy rules, public goods, public investment, corrective taxation, debt policy, instrument choice. a comprehensive summary is available from ... lumpsumbelastingen kennelijk onaantrekkelijk voor de maatschappij, maar tegelijkertijd het meest aantrekkelijke instrument binnen de context van de analyse? verdelingsmotieven bieden een solide ...
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supply renewable energy sources and cost eu climate policy pdf
... target for renewable energy are attainable by other means at lower costs. the core instrument of eu climate policy is the emissions trading scheme (ets), currently the most comprehensive emissions cap-and ... the instruments best suited to achieve them. their ambition is to devise a single, separate instrument per goal, and, consequently, they tend to be sceptical about multi-purpose instruments. the ...
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worldscan model international economic policy analysis pdf
... model is used both as a tool to construct long-term scenarios and as an instrument for policy impact assessments, e.g. in the fields of climate change, economic integration and trade ... features. the model is relatively versatile in its ability to address various policy issues as it enables to address policy questions in the fields of climate 12 change, trade, european integration and ...
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omslag CPB Policy Brief 2011 12 indd
... welvaart-nu versus welvaart-later de boventoon voeren. 1 een uitgebreidere versie van cpb policy brief verschenen als cpb achtergronddocument op de website (www.cpb.nl). niet-groene groei ... uiteenlopende claims die er op het overheidsbudget worden gelegd, kan de rol van het subsidie-instrument niet anders dan bescheiden zijn. bovendien zijn het dan belastingopbrengsten uit niet-groene producten ...
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policy brief fiscale behandeling van zelfstandigen pdf
... , dan zijn er twee belangrijke kanttekeningen fiscale instrument. ten eerste is een directe (fiscale) subsidie in dit geval niet het logische instrument, maar ligt een leenfaciliteit' hand. ten ... meer solide en fraudebestendig belastingstelsel. oecd, 2009, taxation of smes key issues and policy considerations, oecd tax policy studies, no. 18. 18 poschke, m., 2010, entrepreneurs out of necessity' ...
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