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1 - 10 van 39 voor sharp ratio
Microsoft Word - paper_flex_kramarz.doc
... , in stark contrast with what happened in some countries such as the uk where a sharp increase took place (see figure 4 and burgess, 2001). it is important to note that ... on the flows for such workers. using the french labor force survey, we compute the ratio of workers that have been dismissed within the year and that had a seniority of ...
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Four Futures of the Netherlands
... increasing population is thus retired.1 the elderly dependency ratio, measured as the ratio of the number of people aged 65 ... social premium rates made possible by the lower elderly dependency ratio may also stimulate labour productivity growth in the netherlands compared ... prosperity. agricultural products mainly fill a basic need. therefore, the sharp rise in labour productivity did not go hand-in- ...
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paper-flex-fitzenberger_0.pdf
... that our study uses the term 'polarization in wages' if the ratio of the upper quantile (e.g. the 80% quantile) and the ... pp cumulative decline). this wage-loss stems from a period of sharp decline beginning in the early 1990s. during the last twelve ... technological change. the same mechanical compositional effects account for roughly sharp increase of 17 log pp in the skill-premium between medium ...
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Two-Tier Labor Markets in the Great Recession: France vs. Spain
... in france features a gross replacement ratio preceding year's wage.9 in spain, the replacement ratio decreases over time it is 70 ... and 728 euros in 2009, respectively; eurostat), the kaitz ratio (i.e., the ratio between the minimum and the average wage) is not very ... standard deviation of those rates increased from that period.16 in sharp contrast, that range only increased in france from 9.6 pp ...
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analyzing labour supply elderly people life cycle approach pdf
... (3.31), the growth of leisure (equation (3.32)) and the ratio between marginal utilities of consumption and leisure (equation (3.33)). ... variable t represents the effective marginal net real wage rate, the ratio between the effective marginal net wage rate and the (marginal) ... the participation of both man and women decreases rapidly, with a sharp fall at the age of 60-61 years. a similar picture ...
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Microsoft Word - doc73.doc
... includes potential crises on the supply side, for example caused by political restrictions or by sharp increases in demand because of unexpected high economic growth or extreme weather conditions. throughout ... low, customers can switch to a company that offers the best price-to-quality ratio. this provides competing network companies with the incentive to safeguard appropriate reliability. here we ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc127.doc
... a less important export market for the netherlands than for the other eu-15 countries. sharp contrast to finland and germany that have strong exports to china. sweden is the ... group factor intensity rca china total chinese exports world export in product import to export ratio 84 apparel and clothing unskilled-labour manufactured articles technology human-capital unskilled-labour electrical ...
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Microsoft Word - doc136.doc
... industries competition, but a considerable number of industries experienced a sharp rise or strong fall in competition. these findings are ... in many industries, a considerable number of industries experience a sharp rise or strong fall in competition. comparison of indicators per ... ) average indicators for the market sector. for the pcm the ratio is reversed, as a higher pcm points to less competition. ...
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discounting investments mitigation and adaptation pdf
... reversed when consumption and temperature are complements. 15 3 discounting climate investments the cost-benefit ratio of long-term projects like the prevention of climate change depends crucially on the ... efficient emissions reductions ... involve modest rates of emissions reductions in the near term, followed by sharp reductions in the medium and long terms. that the choice of discount rate is ...
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Cross-Country Sectoral Energy Productivity Performance: The EU KLEMS Database
... . we do so by analyzing and comparing the development of energy intensity (i.e. the ratio of energy input to economic output) across 51 sectors and 19 oecd countries. more specifically ... intensity differ substantially across countries. for example, with 6.3% our data reveal a particularly sharp average annual decline in us manufacturing energy intensity between 1995 and 2005, which contrasts with ...
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