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1 - 10 van 81 voor yield ratio
Four Futures of the Netherlands
... paid to international cooperation on public issues. the european institutions are successfully reformed, and countries yield part of their sovereignty. europe thus becomes an influential player in the international economic ... than the total population an increasing population is thus retired.1 the elderly dependency ratio, measured as the ratio of the number of people aged 65 years or older to the ...
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paper-flex-fitzenberger_0.pdf
... ). note that our study uses the term 'polarization in wages' if the ratio of the upper quantile (e.g. the 80% quantile) and the median increases, while the ratio of the median and the lower quantile (e.g. the 20% quantile) ... a fifth order polynomial in time for b(t), which seems to yield a satisfactory decomposition of trend and cycle. the hypothesis of uniform ...
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Two-Tier Labor Markets in the Great Recession: France vs. Spain
... in france features a gross replacement ratio preceding year's wage.9 in spain, the replacement ratio decreases over time it is ... 728 euros in 2009, respectively; eurostat), the kaitz ratio (i.e., the ratio between the minimum and the average wage) is not ... creation and job destruction the previous expressions for the surpluses yield the productivity thresholds used by firms for the destruction of ...
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analyzing labour supply elderly people life cycle approach pdf
... the pension scheme leave their pension rights to the remaining members. furthermore, notice that the yield on pension wealth is not taxed. the accrual of pension rights (pot) in principle takes ... hour of labour. the variable t represents the effective marginal net real wage rate, the ratio between the effective marginal net wage rate and the (marginal) consumption price including consumption taxes ...
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analyzing female labor supply 0 pdf
... paid. increasing marginal tax rates (including national insurance premiums). the tax allowances thus yield a higher tax reduction for high-income individuals with a higher marginal tax ... participation instruments observations explanatory note robust standard errors in parentheses. (6) inverse mills ratio included in wage equation. (7) observation extended to 1999-2005 (including quadratic time trends ...
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Microsoft Word - DP128_demooij _2_.doc
... reduces corporate tax revenue and thus requires higher tax rates to yield the same revenue. by contrast, cbit disallows the exemption of interest ... the interest is not deductible from profit if the debt- equity ratio exceeds a certain threshold. buettner et al. (2008) report that ... . on average for the eu, the corporate tax-to- gdp ratio drops from cbit is modelled as an abolition of the interest ...
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Microsoft Word - DP ECA voorblad.doc
... european union under alternative enhanced cooperation agreements. we find that the consolidation is likely to yield a small aggregate welfare gain in europe, but that not all countries benefit. a coalition ... general, figure 4 suggests that the welfare e ect is related to the capital labour ratio in countries. indeed, more capital-intensive countries tend to gain less from formula apportionment than ...
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Microsoft Word - DP CCCTB voorblad.doc
... investment, fdi decisions, and multinational profit shifting. the simulations suggest that consolidation does not yield substantial welfare gains for europe. the variation of effects across countries is large ... to cortax. countries are ranked according to their capital labour ratio from left (lowest) to right (highest). this capital labour ratio explains part of the country differences (see below). ...
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competition and access price regulation broadband market pdf
... broadband adoption. also service-based competition is found to spur broadband diffusion given that the ratio of service-based firms to infrastructure-based firms is not remarkably high. if the ... output of service-based firms. the socially optimal access fee only in concentrated markets can yield zero profit for the incumbent. we also find that in the presence of infrastructure-based ...
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corporate tax policy and incorporation eu pdf
... the coefficient for the difference in taxes decreases somewhat but remains significant. a likelihood ratio test (not reported) indicates a significant improvement over the null model consisting of homogeneous ... of around 30 -cents for the netherlands). the channels of investment and financial structure yield much smaller effects. our estimates suggest that profit shifting between the personal and ...
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