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1 - 9 van 9 voor strict emissions
border tax adjustment and eu ets quantitative assessment pdf
... abstract in english if the eu stands alone in adopting climate policy and imposes a strict emissions ceiling, competitiveness of eu energy-intensive sectors will be affected negatively. relocation of eu energy ... ets-sectors in the eu when the eu would be virtually stand-alone in adopting strict emissions ceilings. the conclusions of the study are that carbon border measures do indeed help to ...
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dp215-fossil-fuel-supply.pdf
... counterfactual (because there are naturally no estimates of supply elasticities for a situation with a strict emissions target). nevertheless, we see this as an undesir- able model artifact.5 our preferred ... that one would expect given that other words, global emissions are reduced by the difference between baseline emissions and 80% of base year emissions in the coalition. 22 the points marked by ...
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N:\...\EINDVERSIE_deel1.w [PFP#1030632807]
... europe 54 4.4 four perspectives on the future of europe 65 5.1 carbon emissions per capita in 5 world regions, energy intensity of production in 5 world regions, scope ... . however, this argument may not hold for developing countries. capital markets are prone to speculation. strict regulation may be necessary to avoid the self-fulfilling expectation that financial institutions will not ...
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G:\data\pdf\lijesen\disc16.wpd [PFP#1221338023]
... equation is however fit to reflect taste differences rather than switching costs. note that a strict interpretation of switching costs implies that traders base prices on long run profit maximization. here ... netherlands is subject to a tax aimed at reducing energy use in order to keep emissions down. energy taxes are degressive with respect to energy use, meaning that the marginal tax ...
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L:\...\cpb_discussion1 .w [PFP#711495169]
... standards for participating countries. these standards are strict and boil down to reductions of co2 emissions of about 20-40%, as compared to emissions that would have been reached without any ... introduction and strict appliance of the kyoto protocol will be. as a consequence, spreading efforts aimed at reducing emissions tends to be the least-cost option of reducing emissions (a conclusion ...
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bijz8.pdf
... these efforts have been successful. in other areas, however, for example co2 and nox emissions, high population density and a rigid economic structure have complicated efforts. 1.2.4 ... netherlands, which lacks the german juridical' tradition of stemming inflows into social insurance through strict controls and regulations. policy options for germany on social protection moderate wages and more ...
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improving energy efficiency building pdf
... responsible for 24% of world's co2 emissions (iea, 2008).2 according to a report from the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc), co2 emissions from buildings have doubled from 4 gigatonnes ... not always closely follow the insulation standards for walls. an example is finland, which has strict standards on wall insulation, but much less stringent standards for windows. this explains why the ...
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MNP-rapport 500114006 Post-2012 Climate Policy Scenarios
... that do implement policies do not show great ambitions, in the knowledge that strict policy measures will make very little difference, but will impose high abatement costs. ... price national income target (actually in 2020) compared to 1990 emissions target compared to baseline emissions 2020 emissions 2020 compared to baseline emissions 2020 (%) (%) (%) tco2 % change compared to baseline annex i ...
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Sustainability Monitor for the Netherlands 2011 The Netherlands: sustainable?
... prosperity without sacrificing the quality of the environment; in other words, economic growth within strict environmental and ecological limits. greening the economy is an important means to achieve sustainable ... putting the netherlands low down in the eu emissions league table. however, the trend in local environmental quality is positive. during the past decade emissions to the air, water and soil ...
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