Zero switching costs 

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London_Olympics.pdf
... players.the combination of large scale buyers, tendering procedures for public buyers and zero switching costs result in large buying power.the largest construction industry in europe is expected ... price inelasticity of demand, imposed by a typical tendering process in combination with zero switching costs strengthens buying power in the market. construction outlook the uk construction industry is ...
abnamro.nl

L:\publicaties\...\cpbdoc15.wp [PFP#1210200691]
... most retail sub-markets in the netherlands. there are high sunk costs (mainly due to reputation), high switching costs and low transparency. this implies that there is room for ... competition ) the more homogenous products and the lower consumers' switching costs are. in the extreme case of perfectly homogenous products and zero switching costs, the incentive to undercut each other forces bertrand ...
cpb.nl

access regulation and adoption voip pdf
... ), for instance due to heterogeneity in brand recognition, corporate images, and consumer switching costs. also, services offered by operators are offered in different bundles with other ... the true marginal costs of electronic communications are virtually zero. nevertheless, in practice, operators allocate fixed costs to traffic, and hence may partly treat these costs as marginal costs when setting ...
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