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analyzing labour supply elderly people life cycle approach pdf
... institutional arrangements, including the pension system and the tax system. the pension system distinguishes between early retirement pension, state pension (first-tier) and private pension (second-tier benefits). state ... current and or historical labour income.17 aowt 0 if t tpa,1 if t discrepancies between wage and productivity over the life cycle may arise for different reasons, for example ...
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Athena
... unemployment rate) and goods markets (utilization rates) and by relative prices between domestic and foreign suppliers and price substitution between goods. the basic design of the model follows the bottom-up ... input vector (q1,...,qn). 15 short term rigidities of capital and labour also account for discrepancies between short and long term demand of the other production factors in (2.2). by using ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion165.doc
... discrepancies between wage and productivity over the life cycle cause redistribution between generations through implicit pay- as-you-go transfers. this may be unsustainable in light of the ageing population (lazear, 1988). second, discrepancies ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion33.doc
... career opportunities. rational human capital investors base their educational investment decision on a comparison between the costs and benefits of attending an additional year of education.2 when ... capital spillovers is still developing. until now, most studies find no evidence for large discrepancies between private and social returns to education at given levels of public subsidisation of higher ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc_tang.doc
... will be linked for the major economic blocks (us and europe) in the oecd area. discrepancies between savings and investment will not be absorbed by external financial markets, but will be solved ... hypothesis. for example, the group between 40 and 45 saves above average, whereas the group between 65 and 70 saves below average. figure 3.2 estimated relation between gross domestic savings (% gdp) and ...
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Microsoft Word - cpbdoc91.doc
... 100%). estimated private returns to r d are in the order of 7-14%.9 discrepancies between marginal private and marginal social returns to r d imply that the incentives for firms ... may lead to an inverted u-shape between competition and innovation. that is, innovation activity is maximised somewhere between perfect competition and monopoly. 2.5 interactions between human capital, r d, and competition ...
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Microsoft Word - memo119.doc
... applied with a size equal to twice the average absolute value of the differences between actual outcomes and previous macroeconomic projections carried out over a number of years by ... degrees of difficulty in projecting individual variables at different horizons and the effects of discrepancies between the assumptions made for conditioning variables and their subsequent actual values. it should be ...
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memo179.pdf
... the data table 5.1 with the same signs of the discrepancies are the same, and the correlation between the discrepancies in the two years seems to support the bias model. ... and numerical. solving discrepancies between mirror values requires a choice between two models. first the traditional model for making macro-economic statistics, based on stone et al. (1942), where the discrepancies are caused ...
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Microsoft Word - memo.doc
... not possible to make a comparison of sectors between databases, without some kind of sector grouping in the abr database. we found small discrepancies between both datasets. only 102 observations are in sfgo ... -level dataset from the cbs production statistics. with respect to the mne identifier, there are discrepancies but they are due to the adjustments we made to the mne identifier. the original ...
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122 Agricultural relationships [PFP#1190832375]
... a superior technology relative to others, which finds expression in trade between nations. this direct link between, say, natural resources and a superior production technique was increasingly seen ... (hos) model one of the assumptions is that in the absence of technological discrepancies and market imperfec- tions the unequal distribution of production factors across countries itself ...
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