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1 - 10 van 15 voor different variances
memo179.pdf
... different variances. several estimation methods for these variances are discussed. the hurried reader who is not interested in estimation is advised to skip the subsections (2.2) and further. in section 3 a different model is discussed and estimated, with biased reporting. here the reporting errors do not have different variances about a zero mean, but they have different means; ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion156.doc
... . differences in stage of development leading to different aggregate risks, or differences in institutions leading to differences in leverage, could well explain different values of the equity premium. moreover, as ... that it accounts for the pooled data set-up by allowing for different variances and non-zero co-variances for clusters of observations taken from the same study.15 more specifically, ...
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Onderzoeksmemorandum (set-up) [PFP#1090465988]
... the equilibrium rate, shocks may work asymmetri- cally and we may have to distinguish between different types of equilibrium rates, such as deterministic and stochastic ones (see debelle and laxton (1997 ... 4) these different estimations indicate already that there is a lot of uncertainty. in the case of kalman filters, this uncertainty depends on the starting values and the chosen variances of the ...
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impact bank competition interest rate pass through euro area pdf
... tool in explaining multiproduct bank services. our tcf has different marginal costs for different types of banks, resulting in the following form ln ... the test statistic z is based on the ratio of the variances 2 u 2 . the null hypothesis of the test assumes ... root less than one, but allows for different roots in different countries.16 we use three different types of test statistics an adf type ...
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macroeconomic resilience dsge model pdf
... as how diversified the industry of an economy is, and depends on different factors to resilience. they therefore require different policy or governance measures if one wishes to decrease the vulnerability or ... denotes var responses, denotes dsge model responses and v denotes a diagonal matrix of sample variances of the . 4.6 discussion - using a closed economy model the model we have described ...
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memo1960.pdf
... typical scenarios and for large sets of scenarios on the basis of means and variances. we also want to account for economic behaviour, in particular saving and investment behaviour, ... . we then first solve this model numerically. second, we approximate the model, adopting two different approaches. the first approach derives first-order conditions for optimal household behaviour and approximates ...
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memo212.pdf
... identify the model. in ten cate (2007) two methods for the simultaneous estimation of the variances are presented least squares and maximum likelihood. the latter is numerically more complicated and less ... on. table 6.3 shows the square root of the estimated variances. for the export reporting, the results are quite different depending on the estimation method; for the import reporting, this is ...
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memo241.pdf
... the same degree in other countries. several countries (e.g. italy, france) display increasing annualised variances. figure 2.2 shows that for the netherlands too the annualised variance ratio increases ... ratio. this suggests that the effects of demographic shifts on productivity growth is minor. a different question is whether age composition has an effect on productivity growth. the existence of ...
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Microsoft Word - discussion66
... remaining quotes can be represented in 130 different tables, where each table contains quotes from different insurers, but with identical policy conditions ... made if he had chosen the best quotation. however, different respondents have different policies. we therefore have to express the quality of ... (5.2) here, i0 and i1 are normally distributed, with variances 2 0 and 2 1 and covariances 02 and 12 ...
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Onderzoeksmemorandum (set-up) [PFP#1100738316]
... the idea zi 2 that insurers behave asymmetrically, due to for example different initial conditions, and thus may face different health care costs. in the sequel we will only concentrate on the ... is related to the variance. reducing retrospective equalization and compensation by the sponsor increases the variances in (18) and thus raises the risk that insurers bare. average health care costs for ...
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